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38e630424b
The support for creating initrd directories using dracut is a great improvement over having to always hand-create them, it is a bit annoying to have to install some otherwise irrelevant package just to be able to run rcutorture. This commit therefore adds support for creating initrd directories on systems innocent of dracut. You do need gcc, but then again you need that to build the kernel (or to build llvm) in any case. The idea is to create an initrd directory containing nothing but a statically linked binary having a for-loop over a long-term sleep(). The result is a Linux kernel with almost no userspace: even the time-honored /dev, /lib, /tmp, and /usr directories are gone. In fact, the only directory present is "/", but only because I don't know how to get rid of it, at least short of not having an initrd in the first place. Although statically linked binaries are much maligned, and rightly so, their disadvantages seem to be irrelevant for this particular use case. From https://www.akkadia.org/drepper/no_static_linking.html: 1. Fixes are difficult to apply to hordes of widely scattered statically linked binaries. But in this case, there is only one binary, but there would otherwise be no fewer than four libraries. 2. Security measures like local address randomization cannot be used. Prudence prevents me from asserting that it is impossible to base a remote attack on a networking-free rcutorture instance. Nevertheless, bonus points to the first person who comes up with such an attack! 3. More efficient use of physical memory. Not in this case, given that libc is 1.8MB and the statically linked binary "only" 800K. 4. Features such as locales, name service switch (NSS), internationalized domain names (IDN) tool, and so on require dynamic linking. Bonus points to the first person coming up with a valid rcutorture use case requiring these features in its initrd. 5. Accidental violations of (L)GPL. Actually, this change actually helps -avoid- such violations by reducing the temptation to pass around tarballs of rcutorture-ready initrd directories. After all, the rcutorture scripts automatically create an initrd directory for you, so why bother with the tarballs? 6. Tools and hacks like ltrace, LD_PRELOAD, LD_PROFILE, and LD_AUDIT don't work. Again, bonus points to the first person coming up with a valid rcutorture use case requiring these features in its initrd. Nevertheless, the script will use dracut if available, and will create the statically linked binary only when dracut are missing. Those preferring the smaller initrd directory resulting from the statically linked binary (like me) are free to hand-edit mkinitrd.sh to remove the code using dracut. ;-) Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> |
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| README | ||
Linux kernel
============
There are several guides for kernel developers and users. These guides can
be rendered in a number of formats, like HTML and PDF. Please read
Documentation/admin-guide/README.rst first.
In order to build the documentation, use ``make htmldocs`` or
``make pdfdocs``. The formatted documentation can also be read online at:
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/
There are various text files in the Documentation/ subdirectory,
several of them using the Restructured Text markup notation.
Please read the Documentation/process/changes.rst file, as it contains the
requirements for building and running the kernel, and information about
the problems which may result by upgrading your kernel.