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Andrii Nakryiko a74f59e2ba
 UPSTREAM: bpf: Switch bpf_map ref counter to atomic64_t so bpf_map_inc() never fails 
92117d8443 ("bpf: fix refcnt overflow") turned refcounting of bpf_map into
potentially failing operation, when refcount reaches BPF_MAX_REFCNT limit
(32k). Due to using 32-bit counter, it's possible in practice to overflow
refcounter and make it wrap around to 0, causing erroneous map free, while
there are still references to it, causing use-after-free problems.

But having a failing refcounting operations are problematic in some cases. One
example is mmap() interface. After establishing initial memory-mapping, user
is allowed to arbitrarily map/remap/unmap parts of mapped memory, arbitrarily
splitting it into multiple non-contiguous regions. All this happening without
any control from the users of mmap subsystem. Rather mmap subsystem sends
notifications to original creator of memory mapping through open/close
callbacks, which are optionally specified during initial memory mapping
creation. These callbacks are used to maintain accurate refcount for bpf_map
(see next patch in this series). The problem is that open() callback is not
supposed to fail, because memory-mapped resource is set up and properly
referenced. This is posing a problem for using memory-mapping with BPF maps.

One solution to this is to maintain separate refcount for just memory-mappings
and do single bpf_map_inc/bpf_map_put when it goes from/to zero, respectively.
There are similar use cases in current work on tcp-bpf, necessitating extra
counter as well. This seems like a rather unfortunate and ugly solution that
doesn't scale well to various new use cases.

Another approach to solve this is to use non-failing refcount_t type, which
uses 32-bit counter internally, but, once reaching overflow state at UINT_MAX,
stays there. This utlimately causes memory leak, but prevents use after free.

But given refcounting is not the most performance-critical operation with BPF
maps (it's not used from running BPF program code), we can also just switch to
64-bit counter that can't overflow in practice, potentially disadvantaging
32-bit platforms a tiny bit. This simplifies semantics and allows above
described scenarios to not worry about failing refcount increment operation.

In terms of struct bpf_map size, we are still good and use the same amount of
space:

BEFORE (3 cache lines, 8 bytes of padding at the end):
struct bpf_map {
	const struct bpf_map_ops  * ops __attribute__((__aligned__(64))); /*     0     8 */
	struct bpf_map *           inner_map_meta;       /*     8     8 */
	void *                     security;             /*    16     8 */
	enum bpf_map_type  map_type;                     /*    24     4 */
	u32                        key_size;             /*    28     4 */
	u32                        value_size;           /*    32     4 */
	u32                        max_entries;          /*    36     4 */
	u32                        map_flags;            /*    40     4 */
	int                        spin_lock_off;        /*    44     4 */
	u32                        id;                   /*    48     4 */
	int                        numa_node;            /*    52     4 */
	u32                        btf_key_type_id;      /*    56     4 */
	u32                        btf_value_type_id;    /*    60     4 */
	/* --- cacheline 1 boundary (64 bytes) --- */
	struct btf *               btf;                  /*    64     8 */
	struct bpf_map_memory memory;                    /*    72    16 */
	bool                       unpriv_array;         /*    88     1 */
	bool                       frozen;               /*    89     1 */

	/* XXX 38 bytes hole, try to pack */

	/* --- cacheline 2 boundary (128 bytes) --- */
	atomic_t                   refcnt __attribute__((__aligned__(64))); /*   128     4 */
	atomic_t                   usercnt;              /*   132     4 */
	struct work_struct work;                         /*   136    32 */
	char                       name[16];             /*   168    16 */

	/* size: 192, cachelines: 3, members: 21 */
	/* sum members: 146, holes: 1, sum holes: 38 */
	/* padding: 8 */
	/* forced alignments: 2, forced holes: 1, sum forced holes: 38 */
} __attribute__((__aligned__(64)));

AFTER (same 3 cache lines, no extra padding now):
struct bpf_map {
	const struct bpf_map_ops  * ops __attribute__((__aligned__(64))); /*     0     8 */
	struct bpf_map *           inner_map_meta;       /*     8     8 */
	void *                     security;             /*    16     8 */
	enum bpf_map_type  map_type;                     /*    24     4 */
	u32                        key_size;             /*    28     4 */
	u32                        value_size;           /*    32     4 */
	u32                        max_entries;          /*    36     4 */
	u32                        map_flags;            /*    40     4 */
	int                        spin_lock_off;        /*    44     4 */
	u32                        id;                   /*    48     4 */
	int                        numa_node;            /*    52     4 */
	u32                        btf_key_type_id;      /*    56     4 */
	u32                        btf_value_type_id;    /*    60     4 */
	/* --- cacheline 1 boundary (64 bytes) --- */
	struct btf *               btf;                  /*    64     8 */
	struct bpf_map_memory memory;                    /*    72    16 */
	bool                       unpriv_array;         /*    88     1 */
	bool                       frozen;               /*    89     1 */

	/* XXX 38 bytes hole, try to pack */

	/* --- cacheline 2 boundary (128 bytes) --- */
	atomic64_t                 refcnt __attribute__((__aligned__(64))); /*   128     8 */
	atomic64_t                 usercnt;              /*   136     8 */
	struct work_struct work;                         /*   144    32 */
	char                       name[16];             /*   176    16 */

	/* size: 192, cachelines: 3, members: 21 */
	/* sum members: 154, holes: 1, sum holes: 38 */
	/* forced alignments: 2, forced holes: 1, sum forced holes: 38 */
} __attribute__((__aligned__(64)));

This patch, while modifying all users of bpf_map_inc, also cleans up its
interface to match bpf_map_put with separate operations for bpf_map_inc and
bpf_map_inc_with_uref (to match bpf_map_put and bpf_map_put_with_uref,
respectively). Also, given there are no users of bpf_map_inc_not_zero
specifying uref=true, remove uref flag and default to uref=false internally.

Change-Id: Ie7b3db257990f428251d771d9551b356d297bc6f
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20191117172806.2195367-2-andriin@fb.com
2025-12-23 13:35:42 -08:00
android Merge tag 'LA.UM.9.14.r1-26500-LAHAINA.QSSI16.0' of https://git.codelinaro.org/clo/la/kernel/msm-5.4 into android13-5.4-lahaina 2025-11-08 16:13:44 +02:00
arch UPSTREAM: bpf: Support attaching tracing BPF program to other BPF programs 2025-12-23 13:35:41 -08:00
block Merge tag 'ASB-2025-12-01_11-5.4' of https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/common into android13-5.4-lahaina 2025-12-04 19:21:35 +02:00
certs
crypto Merge tag 'ASB-2025-12-01_11-5.4' of https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/common into android13-5.4-lahaina 2025-12-04 19:21:35 +02:00
Documentation Merge tag 'ASB-2025-12-01_11-5.4' of https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/common into android13-5.4-lahaina 2025-12-04 19:21:35 +02:00
drivers UPSTREAM: bpf: Switch bpf_map ref counter to atomic64_t so bpf_map_inc() never fails 2025-12-23 13:35:42 -08:00
fs BACKPORT: kernfs: convert kernfs_node->id from union kernfs_node_id to u64 2025-12-23 13:35:40 -08:00
include UPSTREAM: bpf: Switch bpf_map ref counter to atomic64_t so bpf_map_inc() never fails 2025-12-23 13:35:42 -08:00
init FROMLIST: kbuild: Add environment variables for userprogs flags 2025-09-28 10:00:32 +02:00
ipc
kernel UPSTREAM: bpf: Switch bpf_map ref counter to atomic64_t so bpf_map_inc() never fails 2025-12-23 13:35:42 -08:00
lib Merge tag 'ASB-2025-12-01_11-5.4' of https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/common into android13-5.4-lahaina 2025-12-04 19:21:35 +02:00
LICENSES
mm UPSTREAM: uaccess: Add strict non-pagefault kernel-space read function 2025-12-23 13:35:39 -08:00
net UPSTREAM: bpf: Switch bpf_map ref counter to atomic64_t so bpf_map_inc() never fails 2025-12-23 13:35:42 -08:00
samples This is the 5.4.297 stable release 2025-09-02 10:52:40 +00:00
scripts Merge branch 'android11-5.4-lts' of https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/common into android13-5.4-lahaina 2025-12-11 01:41:51 -08:00
security Merge tag 'ASB-2025-12-01_11-5.4' of https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/common into android13-5.4-lahaina 2025-12-04 19:21:35 +02:00
sound Merge branch 'android11-5.4-lts' of https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/common into android13-5.4-lahaina 2025-12-11 01:41:51 -08:00
techpack
tools BACKPORT: bpf: Add probe_read_{user, kernel} and probe_read_{user, kernel}_str helpers 2025-12-23 13:35:39 -08:00
usr FROMLIST: kbuild: Add environment variables for userprogs flags 2025-09-28 10:00:32 +02:00
virt
.clang-format
.cocciconfig
.get_maintainer.ignore
.gitattributes
.gitignore
.mailmap
Android.mk
Androidbp
build.config.aarch64
build.config.allmodconfig
build.config.allmodconfig.aarch64
build.config.allmodconfig.arm
build.config.allmodconfig.x86_64
build.config.arm
build.config.common
build.config.db845c
build.config.gki
build.config.gki-debug.aarch64
build.config.gki-debug.x86_64
build.config.gki.aarch64
build.config.gki.x86_64
build.config.gki_kasan
build.config.gki_kasan.aarch64
build.config.gki_kasan.x86_64
build.config.gki_kprobes
build.config.gki_kprobes.aarch64
build.config.gki_kprobes.x86_64
build.config.hikey960
build.config.msm.common
build.config.msm.gki
build.config.msm.lahaina
build.config.x86_64
build.targets
COPYING
CREDITS
gen_headers_arm.bp
gen_headers_arm64.bp
gen_headers_arm64_auto.bp
gen_headers_arm_auto.bp
Kbuild
Kconfig
kernel_headers.py
LICENSE
MAINTAINERS UPSTREAM: net: WireGuard secure network tunnel 2025-09-24 12:16:34 +02:00
Makefile Merge branch 'android11-5.4-lts' of https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/common into android13-5.4-lahaina 2025-12-11 01:41:51 -08:00
modules.list.msm.lahaina
OWNERS
README
README.md

README.md

How do I submit patches to Android Common Kernels

  1. BEST: Make all of your changes to upstream Linux. If appropriate, backport to the stable releases. These patches will be merged automatically in the corresponding common kernels. If the patch is already in upstream Linux, post a backport of the patch that conforms to the patch requirements below.

  2. LESS GOOD: Develop your patches out-of-tree (from an upstream Linux point-of-view). Unless these are fixing an Android-specific bug, these are very unlikely to be accepted unless they have been coordinated with kernel-team@android.com. If you want to proceed, post a patch that conforms to the patch requirements below.

Common Kernel patch requirements

  • All patches must conform to the Linux kernel coding standards and pass script/checkpatch.pl
  • Patches shall not break gki_defconfig or allmodconfig builds for arm, arm64, x86, x86_64 architectures (see https://source.android.com/setup/build/building-kernels)
  • If the patch is not merged from an upstream branch, the subject must be tagged with the type of patch: UPSTREAM:, BACKPORT:, FROMGIT:, FROMLIST:, or ANDROID:.
  • All patches must have a Change-Id: tag (see https://gerrit-review.googlesource.com/Documentation/user-changeid.html)
  • If an Android bug has been assigned, there must be a Bug: tag.
  • All patches must have a Signed-off-by: tag by the author and the submitter

Additional requirements are listed below based on patch type

Requirements for backports from mainline Linux: UPSTREAM:, BACKPORT:

  • If the patch is a cherry-pick from Linux mainline with no changes at all
    • tag the patch subject with UPSTREAM:.
    • add upstream commit information with a (cherry-picked from ...) line
    • Example:
      • if the upstream commit message is
        important patch from upstream

        This is the detailed description of the important patch

        Signed-off-by: Fred Jones <fred.jones@foo.org>

    - then Joe Smith would upload the patch for the common kernel as

        UPSTREAM: important patch from upstream

        This is the detailed description of the important patch

        Signed-off-by: Fred Jones <fred.jones@foo.org>

        Bug: 135791357
        Change-Id: I4caaaa566ea080fa148c5e768bb1a0b6f7201c01
        (cherry-picked from c31e73121f4c1ec41143423ac6ce3ce6dafdcec1)
        Signed-off-by: Joe Smith <joe.smith@foo.org>
  • If the patch requires any changes from the upstream version, tag the patch with BACKPORT: instead of UPSTREAM:.
    • use the same tags as UPSTREAM:
    • add comments about the changes under the (cherry-picked from ...) line
    • Example:
        BACKPORT: important patch from upstream

        This is the detailed description of the important patch

        Signed-off-by: Fred Jones <fred.jones@foo.org>

        Bug: 135791357
        Change-Id: I4caaaa566ea080fa148c5e768bb1a0b6f7201c01
        (cherry-picked from c31e73121f4c1ec41143423ac6ce3ce6dafdcec1)
        [ Resolved minor conflict in drivers/foo/bar.c ]
        Signed-off-by: Joe Smith <joe.smith@foo.org>

Requirements for other backports: FROMGIT:, FROMLIST:,

  • If the patch has been merged into an upstream maintainer tree, but has not yet been merged into Linux mainline
    • tag the patch subject with FROMGIT:
    • add info on where the patch came from as (cherry picked from commit <sha1> <repo> <branch>). This must be a stable maintainer branch (not rebased, so don't use linux-next for example).
    • if changes were required, use BACKPORT: FROMGIT:
    • Example:
      • if the commit message in the maintainer tree is
        important patch from upstream

        This is the detailed description of the important patch

        Signed-off-by: Fred Jones <fred.jones@foo.org>

    - then Joe Smith would upload the patch for the common kernel as

        FROMGIT: important patch from upstream

        This is the detailed description of the important patch

        Signed-off-by: Fred Jones <fred.jones@foo.org>

        Bug: 135791357
        (cherry picked from commit 878a2fd9de10b03d11d2f622250285c7e63deace
         https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/foo/bar.git test-branch)
        Change-Id: I4caaaa566ea080fa148c5e768bb1a0b6f7201c01
        Signed-off-by: Joe Smith <joe.smith@foo.org>
  • If the patch has been submitted to LKML, but not accepted into any maintainer tree
    • tag the patch subject with FROMLIST:
    • add a Link: tag with a link to the submittal on lore.kernel.org
    • if changes were required, use BACKPORT: FROMLIST:
    • Example:
        FROMLIST: important patch from upstream

        This is the detailed description of the important patch

        Signed-off-by: Fred Jones <fred.jones@foo.org>

        Bug: 135791357
        Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20190619171517.GA17557@someone.com/
        Change-Id: I4caaaa566ea080fa148c5e768bb1a0b6f7201c01
        Signed-off-by: Joe Smith <joe.smith@foo.org>

Requirements for Android-specific patches: ANDROID:

  • If the patch is fixing a bug to Android-specific code
    • tag the patch subject with ANDROID:
    • add a Fixes: tag that cites the patch with the bug
    • Example:
        ANDROID: fix android-specific bug in foobar.c

        This is the detailed description of the important fix

        Fixes: 1234abcd2468 ("foobar: add cool feature")
        Change-Id: I4caaaa566ea080fa148c5e768bb1a0b6f7201c01
        Signed-off-by: Joe Smith <joe.smith@foo.org>
  • If the patch is a new feature
    • tag the patch subject with ANDROID:
    • add a Bug: tag with the Android bug (required for android-specific features)

Vibrator driver for HHG device

How to merge the driver into kernel source tree

  1. Copy ${this_project}/drivers/hid/hid-aksys.c into ${your_kernel_root}/drivers/hid/

  2. Compare and merge ${this_project}/drivers/hid/hid-ids.h into ${your_kernel_root}/drivers/hid/hid-ids.h : Add the following code before the last line of this file

    	#define USB_VENDER_ID_QUALCOMM  0x0a12
	#define USB_VENDER_ID_TEMP_HHG_AKSY 0x1234
	#define USB_PRODUCT_ID_AKSYS_HHG  0x1000

  3. Merge ${this_project}/drivers/hid/Kconfig into ${your_kernel_root}/drivers/hid/Kconfig : Add the following code before the last line of this file

    config HID_AKSYS_QRD
	tristate "AKSys gamepad USB adapter support"
	depends on HID
	---help---
	Support for AKSys gamepad USB adapter

config AKSYS_QRD_FF
	bool "AKSys gamepad USB adapter force feedback support"
	depends on HID_AKSYS_QRD
	select INPUT_FF_MEMLESS
	---help---
	Say Y here if you have a AKSys gamepad USB adapter and want to
	enable force feedback support for it.

  4. Merge ${this_project}/drivers/hid/Makefile into ${your_kernel_root}/drivers/hid/Makefile : Add the following code at the end of this file

    obj-$(CONFIG_HID_AKSYS_QRD)	+= hid-aksys.o

  5. Modify your kernel's default build configuration file. Add the following two lines:

    CONFIG_HID_AKSYS_QRD=m
CONFIG_AKSYS_QRD_FF=y