Commit graph android_kernel_motorola_sm6375/kernel
Author SHA1 Message Date
Lorenz Bauer
a7f9cb8aa6
UPSTREAM: bpf: sockmap: Allow update from BPF
Allow calling bpf_map_update_elem on sockmap and sockhash from a BPF
context. The synchronization required for this is a bit fiddly: we
need to prevent the socket from changing its state while we add it
to the sockmap, since we rely on getting a callback via
sk_prot->unhash. However, we can't just lock_sock like in
sock_map_sk_acquire because that might sleep. So instead we disable
softirq processing and use bh_lock_sock to prevent further
modification.

Yet, this is still not enough. BPF can be called in contexts where
the current CPU might have locked a socket. If the BPF can get
a hold of such a socket, inserting it into a sockmap would lead to
a deadlock. One straight forward example are sock_ops programs that
have ctx->sk, but the same problem exists for kprobes, etc.
We deal with this by allowing sockmap updates only from known safe
contexts. Improper usage is rejected by the verifier.

I've audited the enabled contexts to make sure they can't run in
a locked context. It's possible that CGROUP_SKB and others are
safe as well, but the auditing here is much more difficult. In
any case, we can extend the safe contexts when the need arises.

Change-Id: I027ee5ca527c8be7ca29d5330e3a8a1f990c0554
Signed-off-by: Lorenz Bauer <lmb@cloudflare.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200821102948.21918-6-lmb@cloudflare.com
2026-01-14 18:12:17 -08:00
Lorenz Bauer
f3956021de
UPSTREAM: bpf: Override the meaning of ARG_PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE for sockmap and sockhash
The verifier assumes that map values are simple blobs of memory, and
therefore treats ARG_PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE, etc. as such. However, there are
map types where this isn't true. For example, sockmap and sockhash store
sockets. In general this isn't a big problem: we can just
write helpers that explicitly requests PTR_TO_SOCKET instead of
ARG_PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE.

The one exception are the standard map helpers like map_update_elem,
map_lookup_elem, etc. Here it would be nice we could overload the
function prototype for different kinds of maps. Unfortunately, this
isn't entirely straight forward:
We only know the type of the map once we have resolved meta->map_ptr
in check_func_arg. This means we can't swap out the prototype
in check_helper_call until we're half way through the function.

Instead, modify check_func_arg to treat ARG_PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE to
mean "the native type for the map" instead of "pointer to memory"
for sockmap and sockhash. This means we don't have to modify the
function prototype at all

Change-Id: I2f01c4c9502dc6ff7754a2eb632e6cabb07df9e9
Signed-off-by: Lorenz Bauer <lmb@cloudflare.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200821102948.21918-5-lmb@cloudflare.com
2026-01-14 18:12:17 -08:00
Lorenz Bauer
3dd152b46d
UPSTREAM: bpf: sockmap: Call sock_map_update_elem directly
Don't go via map->ops to call sock_map_update_elem, since we know
what function to call in bpf_map_update_value. Since we currently
don't allow calling map_update_elem from BPF context, we can remove
ops->map_update_elem and rename the function to sock_map_update_elem_sys.

Change-Id: Ic54f51334422cb4902f97bc2c22ace7e69cd8862
Signed-off-by: Lorenz Bauer <lmb@cloudflare.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.fastabend@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200821102948.21918-4-lmb@cloudflare.com
2026-01-14 18:12:16 -08:00
Yonghong Song
7f940c0f83
UPSTREAM: bpf: Implement link_query callbacks in map element iterators
For bpf_map_elem and bpf_sk_local_storage bpf iterators,
additional map_id should be shown for fdinfo and
userspace query. For example, the following is for
a bpf_map_elem iterator.
  $ cat /proc/1753/fdinfo/9
  pos:    0
  flags:  02000000
  mnt_id: 14
  link_type:      iter
  link_id:        34
  prog_tag:       104be6d3fe45e6aa
  prog_id:        173
  target_name:    bpf_map_elem
  map_id: 127

Change-Id: Iddaca715278c9c759ad2ddd05b76d627ee2bef1f
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200821184419.574240-1-yhs@fb.com
2026-01-14 18:12:16 -08:00
Yonghong Song
3624d7a86d
UPSTREAM: bpf: Implement link_query for bpf iterators
This patch implemented bpf_link callback functions
show_fdinfo and fill_link_info to support link_query
interface.

The general interface for show_fdinfo and fill_link_info
will print/fill the target_name. Each targets can
register show_fdinfo and fill_link_info callbacks
to print/fill more target specific information.

For example, the below is a fdinfo result for a bpf
task iterator.
  $ cat /proc/1749/fdinfo/7
  pos:    0
  flags:  02000000
  mnt_id: 14
  link_type:      iter
  link_id:        11
  prog_tag:       990e1f8152f7e54f
  prog_id:        59
  target_name:    task

Change-Id: I84b248857ac95680216d997b229a4d5d8318a961
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200821184418.574122-1-yhs@fb.com
2026-01-14 18:12:16 -08:00
Alexei Starovoitov
d3a75e6cdb
UPSTREAM: bpf: Add kernel module with user mode driver that populates bpffs.
Add kernel module with user mode driver that populates bpffs with
BPF iterators.

$ mount bpffs /my/bpffs/ -t bpf
$ ls -la /my/bpffs/
total 4
drwxrwxrwt  2 root root    0 Jul  2 00:27 .
drwxr-xr-x 19 root root 4096 Jul  2 00:09 ..
-rw-------  1 root root    0 Jul  2 00:27 maps.debug
-rw-------  1 root root    0 Jul  2 00:27 progs.debug

The user mode driver will load BPF Type Formats, create BPF maps, populate BPF
maps, load two BPF programs, attach them to BPF iterators, and finally send two
bpf_link IDs back to the kernel.
The kernel will pin two bpf_links into newly mounted bpffs instance under
names "progs.debug" and "maps.debug". These two files become human readable.

$ cat /my/bpffs/progs.debug
  id name            attached
  11 dump_bpf_map    bpf_iter_bpf_map
  12 dump_bpf_prog   bpf_iter_bpf_prog
  27 test_pkt_access
  32 test_main       test_pkt_access test_pkt_access
  33 test_subprog1   test_pkt_access_subprog1 test_pkt_access
  34 test_subprog2   test_pkt_access_subprog2 test_pkt_access
  35 test_subprog3   test_pkt_access_subprog3 test_pkt_access
  36 new_get_skb_len get_skb_len test_pkt_access
  37 new_get_skb_ifindex get_skb_ifindex test_pkt_access
  38 new_get_constant get_constant test_pkt_access

The BPF program dump_bpf_prog() in iterators.bpf.c is printing this data about
all BPF programs currently loaded in the system. This information is unstable
and will change from kernel to kernel as ".debug" suffix conveys.

Change-Id: I4c4448269f56cb0a351f0e43337f5ddf54c5d651
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200819042759.51280-4-alexei.starovoitov@gmail.com
2026-01-14 18:12:16 -08:00
Eric W. Biederman
44b60b7791
UPSTREAM: umd: Track user space drivers with struct pid
Use struct pid instead of user space pid values that are prone to wrap
araound.

In addition track the entire thread group instead of just the first
thread that is started by exec.  There are no multi-threaded user mode
drivers today but there is nothing preclucing user drivers from being
multi-threaded, so it is just a good idea to track the entire process.

Take a reference count on the tgid's in question to make it possible
to remove exit_umh in a future change.

As a struct pid is available directly use kill_pid_info.

The prior process signalling code was iffy in using a userspace pid
known to be in the initial pid namespace and then looking up it's task
in whatever the current pid namespace is.  It worked only because
kernel threads always run in the initial pid namespace.

As the tgid is now refcounted verify the tgid is NULL at the start of
fork_usermode_driver to avoid the possibility of silent pid leaks.

v1: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/87mu4qdlv2.fsf_-_@x220.int.ebiederm.org
v2: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/a70l4oy8.fsf_-_@x220.int.ebiederm.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200702164140.4468-12-ebiederm@xmission.com
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Acked-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Change-Id: Ie626e056191a897a5d3a68d9f37245cc5142aa28
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
2026-01-14 18:12:15 -08:00
Eric W. Biederman
f8d9c9824e
UPSTREAM: umd: Transform fork_usermode_blob into fork_usermode_driver
Instead of loading a binary blob into a temporary file with
shmem_kernel_file_setup load a binary blob into a temporary tmpfs
filesystem.  This means that the blob can be stored in an init section
and discared, and it means the binary blob will have a filename so can
be executed normally.

The only tricky thing about this code is that in the helper function
blob_to_mnt __fput_sync is used.  That is because a file can not be
executed if it is still open for write, and the ordinary delayed close
for kernel threads does not happen soon enough, which causes the
following exec to fail.  The function umd_load_blob is not called with
any locks so this should be safe.

Executing the blob normally winds up correcting several problems with
the user mode driver code discovered by Tetsuo Handa[1].  By passing
an ordinary filename into the exec, it is no longer necessary to
figure out how to turn a O_RDWR file descriptor into a properly
referende counted O_EXEC file descriptor that forbids all writes.  For
path based LSMs there are no new special cases.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-fsdevel/2a8775b4-1dd5-9d5c-aa42-9872445e0942@i-love.sakura.ne.jp/
v1: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/87d05mf0j9.fsf_-_@x220.int.ebiederm.org
v2: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/87wo3p4p35.fsf_-_@x220.int.ebiederm.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200702164140.4468-8-ebiederm@xmission.com
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Acked-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Change-Id: I635aa4bb2fc2d6fed9deb0a386068f8e3e247365
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
2026-01-14 18:12:15 -08:00
Eric W. Biederman
80bb03b9d8
UPSTREAM: umd: Rename umd_info.cmdline umd_info.driver_name
The only thing supplied in the cmdline today is the driver name so
rename the field to clarify the code.

As this value is always supplied stop trying to handle the case of
a NULL cmdline.

Additionally since we now have a name we can count on use the
driver_name any place where the code is looking for a name
of the binary.

v1: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/87imfef0k3.fsf_-_@x220.int.ebiederm.org
v2: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/87366d63os.fsf_-_@x220.int.ebiederm.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200702164140.4468-7-ebiederm@xmission.com
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Acked-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Change-Id: I216f8480957694d82fef6aa6a2d6f738d483dde1
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
2026-01-14 18:12:15 -08:00
Eric W. Biederman
7022f69e2c
UPSTREAM: umd: For clarity rename umh_info umd_info
This structure is only used for user mode drivers so change
the prefix from umh to umd to make that clear.

v1: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/87o8p6f0kw.fsf_-_@x220.int.ebiederm.org
v2: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/878sg563po.fsf_-_@x220.int.ebiederm.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200702164140.4468-6-ebiederm@xmission.com
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Acked-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Change-Id: I1187a8f998a41ac165abfdc8d3629531ed0dd9b0
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
2026-01-14 18:12:15 -08:00
Eric W. Biederman
8c4e16cec8
BACKPORT: umh: Separate the user mode driver and the user mode helper support
This makes it clear which code is part of the core user mode
helper support and which code is needed to implement user mode
drivers.

This makes the kernel smaller for everyone who does not use a usermode
driver.

v1: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/87tuyyf0ln.fsf_-_@x220.int.ebiederm.org
v2: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/87imf963s6.fsf_-_@x220.int.ebiederm.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200702164140.4468-5-ebiederm@xmission.com
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Acked-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Change-Id: If31178fea04e49c2f11cbd5ece59a3bc18d50aa2
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
2026-01-14 18:12:14 -08:00
Eric W. Biederman
0f30111a3d
UPSTREAM: umh: Move setting PF_UMH into umh_pipe_setup
I am separating the code specific to user mode drivers from the code
for ordinary user space helpers.  Move setting of PF_UMH from
call_usermodehelper_exec_async which is core user mode helper code
into umh_pipe_setup which is user mode driver code.

The code is equally as easy to write in one location as the other and
the movement minimizes the impact of the user mode driver code on the
core of the user mode helper code.

Setting PF_UMH unconditionally is harmless as an action will only
happen if it is paired with an entry on umh_list.

v1: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/87bll6gf8t.fsf_-_@x220.int.ebiederm.org
v2: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/87zh8l63xs.fsf_-_@x220.int.ebiederm.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200702164140.4468-2-ebiederm@xmission.com
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Acked-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Change-Id: I0fb6f450c3780a1bce21d849b851de097dd413db
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
2026-01-14 18:12:14 -08:00
Eric W. Biederman
7c02915beb
UPSTREAM: umh: Remove call_usermodehelper_setup_file.
The only caller of call_usermodehelper_setup_file is fork_usermode_blob.
In fork_usermode_blob replace call_usermodehelper_setup_file with
call_usermodehelper_setup and delete fork_usermodehelper_setup_file.

For this to work the argv_free is moved from umh_clean_and_save_pid
to fork_usermode_blob.

v1: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/87zh8qf0mp.fsf_-_@x220.int.ebiederm.org
v2: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/87o8p163u1.fsf_-_@x220.int.ebiederm.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200702164140.4468-4-ebiederm@xmission.com
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Acked-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Change-Id: I0bb60e8176a62d8c0523394b30a13f1a9153d29f
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
2026-01-14 18:12:14 -08:00
Eric W. Biederman
8f74e76f49
UPSTREAM: umh: Rename the user mode driver helpers for clarity
Now that the functionality of umh_setup_pipe and
umh_clean_and_save_pid has changed their names are too specific and
don't make much sense.  Instead name them  umd_setup and umd_cleanup
for the functional role in setting up user mode drivers.

v1: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/875zbegf82.fsf_-_@x220.int.ebiederm.org
v2: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/87tuyt63x3.fsf_-_@x220.int.ebiederm.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200702164140.4468-3-ebiederm@xmission.com
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Acked-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Change-Id: I7961ca7046d4dcaaed084ebc41569a25fb0942ed
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
2026-01-14 18:12:14 -08:00
Eric W. Biederman
dcca0a0837
UPSTREAM: umh: Capture the pid in umh_pipe_setup
The pid in struct subprocess_info is only used by umh_clean_and_save_pid to
write the pid into umh_info.

Instead always capture the pid on struct umh_info in umh_pipe_setup, removing
code that is specific to user mode drivers from the common user path of
user mode helpers.

v1: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/87h7uygf9i.fsf_-_@x220.int.ebiederm.org
v2: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/875zb97iix.fsf_-_@x220.int.ebiederm.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200702164140.4468-1-ebiederm@xmission.com
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Acked-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Change-Id: Ie7137ba58a04f0dc7a8546a0b8a53ff63a44ec07
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
2026-01-14 18:12:14 -08:00
Alexei Starovoitov
2e7f89344d
UPSTREAM: bpf: Add BPF program and map iterators as built-in BPF programs.
The program and map iterators work similar to seq_file-s.
Once the program is pinned in bpffs it can be read with "cat" tool
to print human readable output. In this case about BPF programs and maps.
For example:
$ cat /sys/fs/bpf/progs.debug
  id name            attached
   5 dump_bpf_map    bpf_iter_bpf_map
   6 dump_bpf_prog   bpf_iter_bpf_prog
$ cat /sys/fs/bpf/maps.debug
  id name            max_entries
   3 iterator.rodata     1

To avoid kernel build dependency on clang 10 separate bpf skeleton generation
into manual "make" step and instead check-in generated .skel.h into git.

Unlike 'bpftool prog show' in-kernel BTF name is used (when available)
to print full name of BPF program instead of 16-byte truncated name.

Change-Id: I664fbbf6e4333356c4d5fef50901ccb65fe2bfa3
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200819042759.51280-3-alexei.starovoitov@gmail.com
2026-01-14 18:12:14 -08:00
Alexei Starovoitov
cfa606d1ed
UPSTREAM: bpf: Factor out bpf_link_by_id() helper.
Refactor the code a bit to extract bpf_link_by_id() helper.
It's similar to existing bpf_prog_by_id().

Change-Id: I1c495be9add59f6c2543d6b30dbe4ca3b9b92df7
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@fb.com>
Acked-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200819042759.51280-2-alexei.starovoitov@gmail.com
2026-01-14 18:12:13 -08:00
Yonghong Song
78a8b921d9
UPSTREAM: bpf: Avoid visit same object multiple times
Currently when traversing all tasks, the next tid
is always increased by one. This may result in
visiting the same task multiple times in a
pid namespace.

This patch fixed the issue by seting the next
tid as pid_nr_ns(pid, ns) + 1, similar to
funciton next_tgid().

Change-Id: I2e03717f0424bf88ceef95d8a306ecbb8a86ee75
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200818222310.2181500-1-yhs@fb.com
2026-01-14 18:12:13 -08:00
Yonghong Song
2286595079
UPSTREAM: bpf: Fix a rcu_sched stall issue with bpf task/task_file iterator
In our production system, we observed rcu stalls when
'bpftool prog` is running.
  rcu: INFO: rcu_sched self-detected stall on CPU
  rcu: \x097-....: (20999 ticks this GP) idle=302/1/0x4000000000000000 softirq=1508852/1508852 fqs=4913
  \x09(t=21031 jiffies g=2534773 q=179750)
  NMI backtrace for cpu 7
  CPU: 7 PID: 184195 Comm: bpftool Kdump: loaded Tainted: G        W         5.8.0-00004-g68bfc7f8c1b4 #6
  Hardware name: Quanta Twin Lakes MP/Twin Lakes Passive MP, BIOS F09_3A17 05/03/2019
  Call Trace:
  <IRQ>
  dump_stack+0x57/0x70
  nmi_cpu_backtrace.cold+0x14/0x53
  ? lapic_can_unplug_cpu.cold+0x39/0x39
  nmi_trigger_cpumask_backtrace+0xb7/0xc7
  rcu_dump_cpu_stacks+0xa2/0xd0
  rcu_sched_clock_irq.cold+0x1ff/0x3d9
  ? tick_nohz_handler+0x100/0x100
  update_process_times+0x5b/0x90
  tick_sched_timer+0x5e/0xf0
  __hrtimer_run_queues+0x12a/0x2a0
  hrtimer_interrupt+0x10e/0x280
  __sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x51/0xe0
  asm_call_on_stack+0xf/0x20
  </IRQ>
  sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x6f/0x80
  asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x12/0x20
  RIP: 0010:task_file_seq_get_next+0x71/0x220
  Code: 00 00 8b 53 1c 49 8b 7d 00 89 d6 48 8b 47 20 44 8b 18 41 39 d3 76 75 48 8b 4f 20 8b 01 39 d0 76 61 41 89 d1 49 39 c1 48 19 c0 <48> 8b 49 08 21 d0 48 8d 04 c1 4c 8b 08 4d 85 c9 74 46 49 8b 41 38
  RSP: 0018:ffffc90006223e10 EFLAGS: 00000297
  RAX: ffffffffffffffff RBX: ffff888f0d172388 RCX: ffff888c8c07c1c0
  RDX: 00000000000f017b RSI: 00000000000f017b RDI: ffff888c254702c0
  RBP: ffffc90006223e68 R08: ffff888be2a1c140 R09: 00000000000f017b
  R10: 0000000000000002 R11: 0000000000100000 R12: ffff888f23c24118
  R13: ffffc90006223e60 R14: ffffffff828509a0 R15: 00000000ffffffff
  task_file_seq_next+0x52/0xa0
  bpf_seq_read+0xb9/0x320
  vfs_read+0x9d/0x180
  ksys_read+0x5f/0xe0
  do_syscall_64+0x38/0x60
  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9
  RIP: 0033:0x7f8815f4f76e
  Code: c0 e9 f6 fe ff ff 55 48 8d 3d 76 70 0a 00 48 89 e5 e8 36 06 02 00 66 0f 1f 44 00 00 64 8b 04 25 18 00 00 00 85 c0 75 14 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 52 c3 66 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 55 48 89 e5
  RSP: 002b:00007fff8f9df578 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000000
  RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 000000000170b9c0 RCX: 00007f8815f4f76e
  RDX: 0000000000001000 RSI: 00007fff8f9df5b0 RDI: 0000000000000007
  RBP: 00007fff8f9e05f0 R08: 0000000000000049 R09: 0000000000000010
  R10: 00007f881601fa40 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00007fff8f9e05a8
  R13: 00007fff8f9e05a8 R14: 0000000001917f90 R15: 000000000000e22e

Note that `bpftool prog` actually calls a task_file bpf iterator
program to establish an association between prog/map/link/btf anon
files and processes.

In the case where the above rcu stall occured, we had a process
having 1587 tasks and each task having roughly 81305 files.
This implied 129 million bpf prog invocations. Unfortunwtely none of
these files are prog/map/link/btf files so bpf iterator/prog needs
to traverse all these files and not able to return to user space
since there are no seq_file buffer overflow.

This patch fixed the issue in bpf_seq_read() to limit the number
of visited objects. If the maximum number of visited objects is
reached, no more objects will be visited in the current syscall.
If there is nothing written in the seq_file buffer, -EAGAIN will
return to the user so user can try again.

The maximum number of visited objects is set at 1 million.
In our Intel Xeon D-2191 2.3GHZ 18-core server, bpf_seq_read()
visiting 1 million files takes around 0.18 seconds.

We did not use cond_resched() since for some iterators, e.g.,
netlink iterator, where rcu read_lock critical section spans between
consecutive seq_ops->next(), which makes impossible to do cond_resched()
in the key while loop of function bpf_seq_read().

Change-Id: I88ea2cd38dc1191a308c92ab93be7cba18d1ba58
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200818222309.2181348-1-yhs@fb.com
2026-01-14 18:12:13 -08:00
Yonghong Song
50a5c0cef8
UPSTREAM: bpf: Use get_file_rcu() instead of get_file() for task_file iterator
With latest `bpftool prog` command, we observed the following kernel
panic.
    BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000000
    #PF: supervisor instruction fetch in kernel mode
    #PF: error_code(0x0010) - not-present page
    PGD dfe894067 P4D dfe894067 PUD deb663067 PMD 0
    Oops: 0010 [#1] SMP
    CPU: 9 PID: 6023 ...
    RIP: 0010:0x0
    Code: Bad RIP value.
    RSP: 0000:ffffc900002b8f18 EFLAGS: 00010286
    RAX: ffff8883a405f400 RBX: ffff888e46a6bf00 RCX: 000000008020000c
    RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: ffff8883a405f400
    RBP: ffff888e46a6bf50 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffffffff81129600
    R10: ffff8883a405f300 R11: 0000160000000000 R12: 0000000000002710
    R13: 000000e9494b690c R14: 0000000000000202 R15: 0000000000000009
    FS:  00007fd9187fe700(0000) GS:ffff888e46a40000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
    CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
    CR2: ffffffffffffffd6 CR3: 0000000de5d33002 CR4: 0000000000360ee0
    DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
    DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
    Call Trace:
     <IRQ>
     rcu_core+0x1a4/0x440
     __do_softirq+0xd3/0x2c8
     irq_exit+0x9d/0xa0
     smp_apic_timer_interrupt+0x68/0x120
     apic_timer_interrupt+0xf/0x20
     </IRQ>
    RIP: 0033:0x47ce80
    Code: Bad RIP value.
    RSP: 002b:00007fd9187fba40 EFLAGS: 00000206 ORIG_RAX: ffffffffffffff13
    RAX: 0000000000000002 RBX: 00007fd931789160 RCX: 000000000000010c
    RDX: 00007fd9308cdfb4 RSI: 00007fd9308cdfb4 RDI: 00007ffedd1ea0a8
    RBP: 00007fd9187fbab0 R08: 000000000000000e R09: 000000000000002a
    R10: 0000000000480210 R11: 00007fd9187fc570 R12: 00007fd9316cc400
    R13: 0000000000000118 R14: 00007fd9308cdfb4 R15: 00007fd9317a9380

After further analysis, the bug is triggered by
Commit eaaacd23910f ("bpf: Add task and task/file iterator targets")
which introduced task_file bpf iterator, which traverses all open file
descriptors for all tasks in the current namespace.
The latest `bpftool prog` calls a task_file bpf program to traverse
all files in the system in order to associate processes with progs/maps, etc.
When traversing files for a given task, rcu read_lock is taken to
access all files in a file_struct. But it used get_file() to grab
a file, which is not right. It is possible file->f_count is 0 and
get_file() will unconditionally increase it.
Later put_file() may cause all kind of issues with the above
as one of sympotoms.

The failure can be reproduced with the following steps in a few seconds:
    $ cat t.c
    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <sys/types.h>
    #include <sys/stat.h>
    #include <fcntl.h>
    #include <unistd.h>

    #define N 10000
    int fd[N];
    int main() {
      int i;

      for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
        fd[i] = open("./note.txt", 'r');
        if (fd[i] < 0) {
           fprintf(stderr, "failed\n");
           return -1;
        }
      }
      for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
        close(fd[i]);

      return 0;
    }
    $ gcc -O2 t.c
    $ cat run.sh
    #/bin/bash
    for i in {1..100}
    do
      while true; do ./a.out; done &
    done
    $ ./run.sh
    $ while true; do bpftool prog >& /dev/null; done

This patch used get_file_rcu() which only grabs a file if the
file->f_count is not zero. This is to ensure the file pointer
is always valid. The above reproducer did not fail for more
than 30 minutes.

Fixes: eaaacd23910f ("bpf: Add task and task/file iterator targets")
Suggested-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Change-Id: Ie35ddc8ad94c60cca0154dc5a3e6e927c2df2673
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200817174214.252601-1-yhs@fb.com
2026-01-14 18:12:13 -08:00
Jiri Olsa
baa6796053
UPSTREAM: bpf: Iterate through all PT_NOTE sections when looking for build id
Currently when we look for build id within bpf_get_stackid helper
call, we check the first NOTE section and we fail if build id is
not there.

However on some system (Fedora) there can be multiple NOTE sections
in binaries and build id data is not always the first one, like:

  $ readelf -a /usr/bin/ls
  ...
  [ 2] .note.gnu.propert NOTE             0000000000000338  00000338
       0000000000000020  0000000000000000   A       0     0     8358
  [ 3] .note.gnu.build-i NOTE             0000000000000358  00000358
       0000000000000024  0000000000000000   A       0     0     437c
  [ 4] .note.ABI-tag     NOTE             000000000000037c  0000037c
  ...

So the stack_map_get_build_id function will fail on build id retrieval
and fallback to BPF_STACK_BUILD_ID_IP.

This patch is changing the stack_map_get_build_id code to iterate
through all the NOTE sections and try to get build id data from
each of them.

When tracing on sched_switch tracepoint that does bpf_get_stackid
helper call kernel build, I can see about 60% increase of successful
build id retrieval. The rest seems fails on -EFAULT.

Change-Id: I19e39238065dc9d4637e80b5786c1460e096f0ea
Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200812123102.20032-1-jolsa@kernel.org
2026-01-14 18:12:13 -08:00
Randy Dunlap
40a69e4640
UPSTREAM: bpf: Delete repeated words in comments
Drop repeated words in kernel/bpf/: {has, the}

Change-Id: Ia04b9a271445f9dbc320aa80fc377a5a7524b897
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200807033141.10437-1-rdunlap@infradead.org
2026-01-14 18:12:12 -08:00
Yonghong Song
c886053498
UPSTREAM: bpf: Change uapi for bpf iterator map elements
Commit a5cbe05a6673 ("bpf: Implement bpf iterator for
map elements") added bpf iterator support for
map elements. The map element bpf iterator requires
info to identify a particular map. In the above
commit, the attr->link_create.target_fd is used
to carry map_fd and an enum bpf_iter_link_info
is added to uapi to specify the target_fd actually
representing a map_fd:
    enum bpf_iter_link_info {
	BPF_ITER_LINK_UNSPEC = 0,
	BPF_ITER_LINK_MAP_FD = 1,

	MAX_BPF_ITER_LINK_INFO,
    };

This is an extensible approach as we can grow
enumerator for pid, cgroup_id, etc. and we can
unionize target_fd for pid, cgroup_id, etc.
But in the future, there are chances that
more complex customization may happen, e.g.,
for tasks, it could be filtered based on
both cgroup_id and user_id.

This patch changed the uapi to have fields
	__aligned_u64	iter_info;
	__u32		iter_info_len;
for additional iter_info for link_create.
The iter_info is defined as
	union bpf_iter_link_info {
		struct {
			__u32   map_fd;
		} map;
	};

So future extension for additional customization
will be easier. The bpf_iter_link_info will be
passed to target callback to validate and generic
bpf_iter framework does not need to deal it any
more.

Note that map_fd = 0 will be considered invalid
and -EBADF will be returned to user space.

Fixes: a5cbe05a6673 ("bpf: Implement bpf iterator for map elements")
Change-Id: Iaedbb58f4846f4fcc46b3b3249746ff2b5ac5482
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@fb.com>
Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.fastabend@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200805055056.1457463-1-yhs@fb.com
2026-01-14 18:12:12 -08:00
Andrii Nakryiko
dd737ca5f3
UPSTREAM: bpf: Add support for forced LINK_DETACH command
Add LINK_DETACH command to force-detach bpf_link without destroying it. It has
the same behavior as auto-detaching of bpf_link due to cgroup dying for
bpf_cgroup_link or net_device being destroyed for bpf_xdp_link. In such case,
bpf_link is still a valid kernel object, but is defuncts and doesn't hold BPF
program attached to corresponding BPF hook. This functionality allows users
with enough access rights to manually force-detach attached bpf_link without
killing respective owner process.

This patch implements LINK_DETACH for cgroup, xdp, and netns links, mostly
re-using existing link release handling code.

Change-Id: If3c5405705d29eeb6be32bbbf662d4e36d28c3e3
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.fastabend@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200731182830.286260-2-andriin@fb.com
2026-01-14 18:12:12 -08:00
Yonghong Song
9090c2f26f
UPSTREAM: bpf: Add missing newline characters in verifier error messages
Newline characters are added in two verifier error messages,
refactored in Commit afbf21dce668 ("bpf: Support readonly/readwrite
buffers in verifier"). This way, they do not mix with
messages afterwards.

Change-Id: Iedfd07d69f981ba2e36a586de32ea29ecd00a9a2
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200728221801.1090349-1-yhs@fb.com
2026-01-14 18:12:11 -08:00
Andrii Nakryiko
f8021e2b60
UPSTREAM: bpf: Fix build without CONFIG_NET when using BPF XDP link
Entire net/core subsystem is not built without CONFIG_NET. linux/netdevice.h
just assumes that it's always there, so the easiest way to fix this is to
conditionally compile out bpf_xdp_link_attach() use in bpf/syscall.c.

Fixes: aa8d3a716b59 ("bpf, xdp: Add bpf_link-based XDP attachment API")
Reported-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Change-Id: I8e2e9fabcda1234326e3cc4101f689e51cc9dd91
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> # build-tested
Acked-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200728190527.110830-1-andriin@fb.com
2026-01-14 18:12:11 -08:00
Andrii Nakryiko
4f9335a591
UPSTREAM: bpf, xdp: Add bpf_link-based XDP attachment API
Add bpf_link-based API (bpf_xdp_link) to attach BPF XDP program through
BPF_LINK_CREATE command.

bpf_xdp_link is mutually exclusive with direct BPF program attachment,
previous BPF program should be detached prior to attempting to create a new
bpf_xdp_link attachment (for a given XDP mode). Once BPF link is attached, it
can't be replaced by other BPF program attachment or link attachment. It will
be detached only when the last BPF link FD is closed.

bpf_xdp_link will be auto-detached when net_device is shutdown, similarly to
how other BPF links behave (cgroup, flow_dissector). At that point bpf_link
will become defunct, but won't be destroyed until last FD is closed.

Change-Id: I7a2299150de5dca7b77ca1746c8b37d4fa688cda
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200722064603.3350758-5-andriin@fb.com
2026-01-14 18:12:10 -08:00
YiFei Zhu
e3fd3f745f
UPSTREAM: bpf/local_storage: Fix build without CONFIG_CGROUP
local_storage.o has its compile guard as CONFIG_BPF_SYSCALL, which
does not imply that CONFIG_CGROUP is on. Including cgroup-internal.h
when CONFIG_CGROUP is off cause a compilation failure.

Fixes: f67cfc233706 ("bpf: Make cgroup storages shared between programs on the same cgroup")
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Change-Id: Ia73b9f385c435721e5fbd3520014f8f12f487b70
Signed-off-by: YiFei Zhu <zhuyifei@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200724211753.902969-1-zhuyifei1999@gmail.com
2026-01-14 18:12:08 -08:00
Colin Ian King
657886d025
UPSTREAM: bpf: Fix swapped arguments in calls to check_buffer_access
There are a couple of arguments of the boolean flag zero_size_allowed and
the char pointer buf_info when calling to function check_buffer_access that
are swapped by mistake. Fix these by swapping them to correct the argument
ordering.

Fixes: afbf21dce668 ("bpf: Support readonly/readwrite buffers in verifier")
Addresses-Coverity: ("Array compared to 0")
Change-Id: Id265470504d34ba91ca98a3bf4e108a8802d5c95
Signed-off-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200727175411.155179-1-colin.king@canonical.com
2026-01-14 18:12:08 -08:00
YiFei Zhu
bce6ddb487
BACKPORT: bpf: Make cgroup storages shared between programs on the same cgroup
This change comes in several parts:

One, the restriction that the CGROUP_STORAGE map can only be used
by one program is removed. This results in the removal of the field
'aux' in struct bpf_cgroup_storage_map, and removal of relevant
code associated with the field, and removal of now-noop functions
bpf_free_cgroup_storage and bpf_cgroup_storage_release.

Second, we permit a key of type u64 as the key to the map.
Providing such a key type indicates that the map should ignore
attach type when comparing map keys. However, for simplicity newly
linked storage will still have the attach type at link time in
its key struct. cgroup_storage_check_btf is adapted to accept
u64 as the type of the key.

Third, because the storages are now shared, the storages cannot
be unconditionally freed on program detach. There could be two
ways to solve this issue:
* A. Reference count the usage of the storages, and free when the
     last program is detached.
* B. Free only when the storage is impossible to be referred to
     again, i.e. when either the cgroup_bpf it is attached to, or
     the map itself, is freed.
Option A has the side effect that, when the user detach and
reattach a program, whether the program gets a fresh storage
depends on whether there is another program attached using that
storage. This could trigger races if the user is multi-threaded,
and since nondeterminism in data races is evil, go with option B.

The both the map and the cgroup_bpf now tracks their associated
storages, and the storage unlink and free are removed from
cgroup_bpf_detach and added to cgroup_bpf_release and
cgroup_storage_map_free. The latter also new holds the cgroup_mutex
to prevent any races with the former.

Fourth, on attach, we reuse the old storage if the key already
exists in the map, via cgroup_storage_lookup. If the storage
does not exist yet, we create a new one, and publish it at the
last step in the attach process. This does not create a race
condition because for the whole attach the cgroup_mutex is held.
We keep track of an array of new storages that was allocated
and if the process fails only the new storages would get freed.

Signed-off-by: YiFei Zhu <zhuyifei@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/d5401c6106728a00890401190db40020a1f84ff1.1595565795.git.zhuyifei@google.com
Change-Id: I5f603a7b7b334cf1bf037ab2ae770d13ba2a6a09
2026-01-14 18:12:08 -08:00
Song Liu
262fc28150
UPSTREAM: bpf: Fail PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_BPF when bpf_get_[stack|stackid] cannot work
bpf_get_[stack|stackid] on perf_events with precise_ip uses callchain
attached to perf_sample_data. If this callchain is not presented, do not
allow attaching BPF program that calls bpf_get_[stack|stackid] to this
event.

In the error case, -EPROTO is returned so that libbpf can identify this
error and print proper hint message.

Change-Id: I17e168228d845534493d2b6845e13d4cc81e6ca8
Signed-off-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200723180648.1429892-3-songliubraving@fb.com
2026-01-14 18:12:08 -08:00
Song Liu
fc6204da34
UPSTREAM: bpf: Fix build on architectures with special bpf_user_pt_regs_t
Architectures like s390, powerpc, arm64, riscv have speical definition of
bpf_user_pt_regs_t. So we need to cast the pointer before passing it to
bpf_get_stack(). This is similar to bpf_get_stack_tp().

Fixes: 03d42fd2d83f ("bpf: Separate bpf_get_[stack|stackid] for perf events BPF")
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Change-Id: I405b85ff00c1a38d4959a4f905ac2197a35a2287
Signed-off-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200724200503.3629591-1-songliubraving@fb.com
2026-01-14 18:12:08 -08:00
Song Liu
914530c138
UPSTREAM: bpf: Separate bpf_get_[stack|stackid] for perf events BPF
Calling get_perf_callchain() on perf_events from PEBS entries may cause
unwinder errors. To fix this issue, the callchain is fetched early. Such
perf_events are marked with __PERF_SAMPLE_CALLCHAIN_EARLY.

Similarly, calling bpf_get_[stack|stackid] on perf_events from PEBS may
also cause unwinder errors. To fix this, add separate version of these
two helpers, bpf_get_[stack|stackid]_pe. These two hepers use callchain in
bpf_perf_event_data_kern->data->callchain.

Change-Id: I71bd415402ee8476596fff65d69c3190bad06d76
Signed-off-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200723180648.1429892-2-songliubraving@fb.com
2026-01-14 18:12:08 -08:00
Yonghong Song
26a200deef
UPSTREAM: bpf: Implement bpf iterator for array maps
The bpf iterators for array and percpu array
are implemented. Similar to hash maps, for percpu
array map, bpf program will receive values
from all cpus.

Change-Id: I8edcebb510eb92df8c979c9b04619e2b7e0795fa
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200723184115.590532-1-yhs@fb.com
2026-01-14 18:12:07 -08:00
Yonghong Song
513fc9ccbd
UPSTREAM: bpf: Implement bpf iterator for hash maps
The bpf iterators for hash, percpu hash, lru hash
and lru percpu hash are implemented. During link time,
bpf_iter_reg->check_target() will check map type
and ensure the program access key/value region is
within the map defined key/value size limit.

For percpu hash and lru hash maps, the bpf program
will receive values for all cpus. The map element
bpf iterator infrastructure will prepare value
properly before passing the value pointer to the
bpf program.

This patch set supports readonly map keys and
read/write map values. It does not support deleting
map elements, e.g., from hash tables. If there is
a user case for this, the following mechanism can
be used to support map deletion for hashtab, etc.
  - permit a new bpf program return value, e.g., 2,
    to let bpf iterator know the map element should
    be removed.
  - since bucket lock is taken, the map element will be
    queued.
  - once bucket lock is released after all elements under
    this bucket are traversed, all to-be-deleted map
    elements can be deleted.

Change-Id: I7205ebf99211389345b3cfbc413c01d10fde64fa
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200723184114.590470-1-yhs@fb.com
2026-01-14 18:12:07 -08:00
Yonghong Song
bf3a8c609a
UPSTREAM: bpf: Implement bpf iterator for map elements
The bpf iterator for map elements are implemented.
The bpf program will receive four parameters:
  bpf_iter_meta *meta: the meta data
  bpf_map *map:        the bpf_map whose elements are traversed
  void *key:           the key of one element
  void *value:         the value of the same element

Here, meta and map pointers are always valid, and
key has register type PTR_TO_RDONLY_BUF_OR_NULL and
value has register type PTR_TO_RDWR_BUF_OR_NULL.
The kernel will track the access range of key and value
during verification time. Later, these values will be compared
against the values in the actual map to ensure all accesses
are within range.

A new field iter_seq_info is added to bpf_map_ops which
is used to add map type specific information, i.e., seq_ops,
init/fini seq_file func and seq_file private data size.
Subsequent patches will have actual implementation
for bpf_map_ops->iter_seq_info.

In user space, BPF_ITER_LINK_MAP_FD needs to be
specified in prog attr->link_create.flags, which indicates
that attr->link_create.target_fd is a map_fd.
The reason for such an explicit flag is for possible
future cases where one bpf iterator may allow more than
one possible customization, e.g., pid and cgroup id for
task_file.

Current kernel internal implementation only allows
the target to register at most one required bpf_iter_link_info.
To support the above case, optional bpf_iter_link_info's
are needed, the target can be extended to register such link
infos, and user provided link_info needs to match one of
target supported ones.

Change-Id: I9cf9b9051c292aa7a46a723fc86987e74c9e8ee3
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200723184112.590360-1-yhs@fb.com
2026-01-14 18:12:07 -08:00
Yonghong Song
41f29b36d8
UPSTREAM: bpf: Support readonly/readwrite buffers in verifier
Readonly and readwrite buffer register states
are introduced. Totally four states,
PTR_TO_RDONLY_BUF[_OR_NULL] and PTR_TO_RDWR_BUF[_OR_NULL]
are supported. As suggested by their respective
names, PTR_TO_RDONLY_BUF[_OR_NULL] are for
readonly buffers and PTR_TO_RDWR_BUF[_OR_NULL]
for read/write buffers.

These new register states will be used
by later bpf map element iterator.

New register states share some similarity to
PTR_TO_TP_BUFFER as it will calculate accessed buffer
size during verification time. The accessed buffer
size will be later compared to other metrics during
later attach/link_create time.

Similar to reg_state PTR_TO_BTF_ID_OR_NULL in bpf
iterator programs, PTR_TO_RDONLY_BUF_OR_NULL or
PTR_TO_RDWR_BUF_OR_NULL reg_types can be set at
prog->aux->bpf_ctx_arg_aux, and bpf verifier will
retrieve the values during btf_ctx_access().
Later bpf map element iterator implementation
will show how such information will be assigned
during target registeration time.

The verifier is also enhanced such that PTR_TO_RDONLY_BUF
can be passed to ARG_PTR_TO_MEM[_OR_NULL] helper argument, and
PTR_TO_RDWR_BUF can be passed to ARG_PTR_TO_MEM[_OR_NULL] or
ARG_PTR_TO_UNINIT_MEM.

Change-Id: I0b6db9a8e30caf69218acaa23016f320140b76b9
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200723184111.590274-1-yhs@fb.com
2026-01-14 18:12:07 -08:00
Yonghong Song
ccd34e4b58
UPSTREAM: bpf: Refactor to provide aux info to bpf_iter_init_seq_priv_t
This patch refactored target bpf_iter_init_seq_priv_t callback
function to accept additional information. This will be needed
in later patches for map element targets since a particular
map should be passed to traverse elements for that particular
map. In the future, other information may be passed to target
as well, e.g., pid, cgroup id, etc. to customize the iterator.

Change-Id: I3676c634f448874f4d6f12b2199915972a158d10
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200723184110.590156-1-yhs@fb.com
2026-01-14 18:12:07 -08:00
Yonghong Song
ecc4d9f640
UPSTREAM: bpf: Refactor bpf_iter_reg to have separate seq_info member
There is no functionality change for this patch.
Struct bpf_iter_reg is used to register a bpf_iter target,
which includes information for both prog_load, link_create
and seq_file creation.

This patch puts fields related seq_file creation into
a different structure. This will be useful for map
elements iterator where one iterator covers different
map types and different map types may have different
seq_ops, init/fini private_data function and
private_data size.

Change-Id: I2577d77f6b6be71319457720547ba77cff04c68b
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200723184109.590030-1-yhs@fb.com
2026-01-14 18:12:07 -08:00
Alexei Starovoitov
370a524542
UPSTREAM: bpf: Add bpf_prog iterator
It's mostly a copy paste of commit 6086d29def80 ("bpf: Add bpf_map iterator")
that is use to implement bpf_seq_file opreations to traverse all bpf programs.

v1->v2: Tweak to use build time btf_id

Change-Id: Id105cdc90824f19060f9e6ef51369c6290e925d5
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Acked-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
2026-01-14 18:12:06 -08:00
Yonghong Song
bc2fbc8667
UPSTREAM: bpf: Fix pos computation for bpf_iter seq_ops->start()
Currently, the pos pointer in bpf iterator map/task/task_file
seq_ops->start() is always incremented.
This is incorrect. It should be increased only if
*pos is 0 (for SEQ_START_TOKEN) since these start()
function actually returns the first real object.
If *pos is not 0, it merely found the object
based on the state in seq->private, and not really
advancing the *pos. This patch fixed this issue
by only incrementing *pos if it is 0.

Note that the old *pos calculation, although not
correct, does not affect correctness of bpf_iter
as bpf_iter seq_file->read() does not support llseek.

This patch also renamed "mid" in bpf_map iterator
seq_file private data to "map_id" for better clarity.

Fixes: 6086d29def80 ("bpf: Add bpf_map iterator")
Fixes: eaaacd23910f ("bpf: Add task and task/file iterator targets")
Change-Id: I37a742c1706f84b26153032c3e0080b85769c5e6
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200722195156.4029817-1-yhs@fb.com
2026-01-14 18:12:06 -08:00
Yonghong Song
6be51943c7
UPSTREAM: bpf: net: Use precomputed btf_id for bpf iterators
One additional field btf_id is added to struct
bpf_ctx_arg_aux to store the precomputed btf_ids.
The btf_id is computed at build time with
BTF_ID_LIST or BTF_ID_LIST_GLOBAL macro definitions.
All existing bpf iterators are changed to used
pre-compute btf_ids.

Change-Id: I1cb3532f3c31b426f279ed17e092e311649d54e1
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200720163403.1393551-1-yhs@fb.com
2026-01-14 18:12:06 -08:00
Yonghong Song
92f1bc430c
UPSTREAM: bpf: Compute bpf_skc_to_*() helper socket btf ids at build time
Currently, socket types (struct tcp_sock, udp_sock, etc.)
used by bpf_skc_to_*() helpers are computed when vmlinux_btf
is first built in the kernel.

Commit 5a2798ab32ba
("bpf: Add BTF_ID_LIST/BTF_ID/BTF_ID_UNUSED macros")
implemented a mechanism to compute btf_ids at kernel build
time which can simplify kernel implementation and reduce
runtime overhead by removing in-kernel btf_id calculation.
This patch did exactly this, removing in-kernel btf_id
computation and utilizing build-time btf_id computation.

If CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF is not defined, BTF_ID_LIST will
define an array with size of 5, which is not enough for
btf_sock_ids. So define its own static array if
CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF is not defined.

Change-Id: I4d759318700b7a0e489dbd63296c42b584e0c1af
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200720163358.1393023-1-yhs@fb.com
2026-01-14 18:12:05 -08:00
Lorenzo Bianconi
de5565f693
UPSTREAM: bpf: cpumap: Fix possible rcpu kthread hung
Fix the following cpumap kthread hung. The issue is currently occurring
when __cpu_map_load_bpf_program fails (e.g if the bpf prog has not
BPF_XDP_CPUMAP as expected_attach_type)

$./test_progs -n 101
101/1 cpumap_with_progs:OK
101 xdp_cpumap_attach:OK
Summary: 1/1 PASSED, 0 SKIPPED, 0 FAILED
[  369.996478] INFO: task cpumap/0/map:7:205 blocked for more than 122 seconds.
[  369.998463]       Not tainted 5.8.0-rc4-01472-ge57892f50a07 #212
[  370.000102] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.
[  370.001918] cpumap/0/map:7  D    0   205      2 0x00004000
[  370.003228] Call Trace:
[  370.003930]  __schedule+0x5c7/0xf50
[  370.004901]  ? io_schedule_timeout+0xb0/0xb0
[  370.005934]  ? static_obj+0x31/0x80
[  370.006788]  ? mark_held_locks+0x24/0x90
[  370.007752]  ? cpu_map_bpf_prog_run_xdp+0x6c0/0x6c0
[  370.008930]  schedule+0x6f/0x160
[  370.009728]  schedule_preempt_disabled+0x14/0x20
[  370.010829]  kthread+0x17b/0x240
[  370.011433]  ? kthread_create_worker_on_cpu+0xd0/0xd0
[  370.011944]  ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30
[  370.012348]
               Showing all locks held in the system:
[  370.013025] 1 lock held by khungtaskd/33:
[  370.013432]  #0: ffffffff82b24720 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:2}, at: debug_show_all_locks+0x28/0x1c3

[  370.014461] =============================================

Fixes: 9216477449f3 ("bpf: cpumap: Add the possibility to attach an eBPF program to cpumap")
Reported-by: Jakub Sitnicki <jakub@cloudflare.com>
Change-Id: Idf9edecbbc3b1d110a091ea36a717ffc9a72c94c
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Bianconi <lorenzo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Jakub Sitnicki <jakub@cloudflare.com>
Reviewed-by: Jakub Sitnicki <jakub@cloudflare.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/e54f2aabf959f298939e5507b09c48f8c2e380be.1595170625.git.lorenzo@kernel.org
2026-01-14 18:12:05 -08:00
Jakub Sitnicki
c4937609e1
UPSTREAM: bpf: Introduce SK_LOOKUP program type with a dedicated attach point
Add a new program type BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_LOOKUP with a dedicated attach type
BPF_SK_LOOKUP. The new program kind is to be invoked by the transport layer
when looking up a listening socket for a new connection request for
connection oriented protocols, or when looking up an unconnected socket for
a packet for connection-less protocols.

When called, SK_LOOKUP BPF program can select a socket that will receive
the packet. This serves as a mechanism to overcome the limits of what
bind() API allows to express. Two use-cases driving this work are:

 (1) steer packets destined to an IP range, on fixed port to a socket

     192.0.2.0/24, port 80 -> NGINX socket

 (2) steer packets destined to an IP address, on any port to a socket

     198.51.100.1, any port -> L7 proxy socket

In its run-time context program receives information about the packet that
triggered the socket lookup. Namely IP version, L4 protocol identifier, and
address 4-tuple. Context can be further extended to include ingress
interface identifier.

To select a socket BPF program fetches it from a map holding socket
references, like SOCKMAP or SOCKHASH, and calls bpf_sk_assign(ctx, sk, ...)
helper to record the selection. Transport layer then uses the selected
socket as a result of socket lookup.

In its basic form, SK_LOOKUP acts as a filter and hence must return either
SK_PASS or SK_DROP. If the program returns with SK_PASS, transport should
look for a socket to receive the packet, or use the one selected by the
program if available, while SK_DROP informs the transport layer that the
lookup should fail.

This patch only enables the user to attach an SK_LOOKUP program to a
network namespace. Subsequent patches hook it up to run on local delivery
path in ipv4 and ipv6 stacks.

Suggested-by: Marek Majkowski <marek@cloudflare.com>
Change-Id: I4a245236f759b4789883365ffea7ef1e793c3ac8
Signed-off-by: Jakub Sitnicki <jakub@cloudflare.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200717103536.397595-3-jakub@cloudflare.com
2026-01-14 18:12:05 -08:00
Jakub Sitnicki
e2b73d371d
UPSTREAM: bpf, netns: Handle multiple link attachments
Extend the BPF netns link callbacks to rebuild (grow/shrink) or update the
prog_array at given position when link gets attached/updated/released.

This let's us lift the limit of having just one link attached for the new
attach type introduced by subsequent patch.

No functional changes intended.

Change-Id: I800d54d43aefc162cd4ccd12e68bbf3cf79701c2
Signed-off-by: Jakub Sitnicki <jakub@cloudflare.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200717103536.397595-2-jakub@cloudflare.com
2026-01-14 18:12:05 -08:00
Lorenzo Bianconi
8dc9e8ccbe
UPSTREAM: bpf: cpumap: Add the possibility to attach an eBPF program to cpumap
Introduce the capability to attach an eBPF program to cpumap entries.
The idea behind this feature is to add the possibility to define on
which CPU run the eBPF program if the underlying hw does not support
RSS. Current supported verdicts are XDP_DROP and XDP_PASS.

This patch has been tested on Marvell ESPRESSObin using xdp_redirect_cpu
sample available in the kernel tree to identify possible performance
regressions. Results show there are no observable differences in
packet-per-second:

$./xdp_redirect_cpu --progname xdp_cpu_map0 --dev eth0 --cpu 1
rx: 354.8 Kpps
rx: 356.0 Kpps
rx: 356.8 Kpps
rx: 356.3 Kpps
rx: 356.6 Kpps
rx: 356.6 Kpps
rx: 356.7 Kpps
rx: 355.8 Kpps
rx: 356.8 Kpps
rx: 356.8 Kpps

Co-developed-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Change-Id: Ib09a822f483667441e6b287a3ac694a82e9e3e0f
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Bianconi <lorenzo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/5c9febdf903d810b3415732e5cd98491d7d9067a.1594734381.git.lorenzo@kernel.org
2026-01-14 18:12:04 -08:00
Lorenzo Bianconi
4597eb1008
UPSTREAM: cpumap: Formalize map value as a named struct
As it has been already done for devmap, introduce 'struct bpf_cpumap_val'
to formalize the expected values that can be passed in for a CPUMAP.
Update cpumap code to use the struct.

Change-Id: I747c5bd9ce9032f3bcbe9a87c8d03b3b803e5bc0
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Bianconi <lorenzo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/754f950674665dae6139c061d28c1d982aaf4170.1594734381.git.lorenzo@kernel.org
2026-01-14 18:12:03 -08:00
Jesper Dangaard Brouer
db4397b095
UPSTREAM: cpumap: Use non-locked version __ptr_ring_consume_batched
Commit 77361825bb ("bpf: cpumap use ptr_ring_consume_batched") changed
away from using single frame ptr_ring dequeue (__ptr_ring_consume) to
consume a batched, but it uses a locked version, which as the comment
explain isn't needed.

Change to use the non-locked version __ptr_ring_consume_batched.

Fixes: 77361825bb ("bpf: cpumap use ptr_ring_consume_batched")
Change-Id: I0a0f25075dfb5e72d5d644b44c007b65499b1f57
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Bianconi <lorenzo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/a9c7d06f9a009e282209f0c8c7b2c5d9b9ad60b9.1594734381.git.lorenzo@kernel.org
2026-01-14 18:12:03 -08:00
Jiri Olsa
b67fc7aaa1
UPSTREAM: bpf: Use BTF_ID to resolve bpf_ctx_convert struct
This way the ID is resolved during compile time,
and we can remove the runtime name search.

Change-Id: I473cfe49f663c28f852ee113332ead58b044d7de
Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@fb.com>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200711215329.41165-7-jolsa@kernel.org
2026-01-14 18:12:02 -08:00